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Is the mean weight of
mushrooms an objective estimator
of the cap diameter for an Agaricus bisporus breeding
program?
A.
Rodier, Laetitia Porgès, R. Védie & T. Rousseau
Centre Technique du Champignon (CTC), Munet, Distré, France
P.
Callac & J.M. Olivier
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA),
Station de Recherches sur les Champignons, Villenave d'Ornon, France
The
cap diameter is a commercially important parameter for the button
mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) since standards have
been defined either for the fresh market or the canning industry.
As a consequence, the producers have to choose well-adapted varieties.
In our breeding program, we have to assess routinely this character.
However, the grading of each mushroom after harvest is laborious
and time consuming and reliable sampling techniques are difficult
to build. The experimental work in culture testing needs practical
and rapid evaluation methods, whereas the statistical and genetical
analyses need objective and accurate methods. Therefore, the mean
weight (= weight / number) of mushrooms has been proposed as a predictor
of the cap diameter. The use of these parameters as selection criteria
in a breeding program required investigations to assess the advantages
and disadvantages of each of them and the relationship between each
other.
In a preliminary study, we investigated the relation between these
two parameters. A small-scale cultural test was settled in a statistically
valid experimental design, under standard conditions. Three different
strains were assessed each day of the first flush: the cap diameter
and the weight were measured for each mushroom. The data showed
that the cap diameter was proportional to the square root of the
weight. It could be thus concluded that for a given strain, the
mean weight of mushrooms was a reliable and less time consuming
predictor of the cap diameter.
In order to investigate whether this relation could be used to compare
different strains, a similar trial involving 15 commercial and hybrid
strains was settled; the data were collected for four flushes. The
same analyses were performed and the correlation÷s were investigated
both at the intra- and inter-strains levels, in order to compare
statistically these two parameters. The relevance of these data
for a breeding program is discussed.
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